Self-harm means hurting yourself on purpose. Also known as self-injury, self-harm is a symptom of extreme emotional distress. Individuals, especially teens, engage in different types of self-harm that can be hard to identify. Keep reading to learn more about the different types of self-harm, common warning signs, and what you can do if you suspect a friend or loved one is self-harming.

            Forms of Self-Harm - Self-harm typically occurs in private and is done in a controlled or ritualistic manner that often leaves a pattern on the skin. Some forms of self-harm include: Cutting; Scratching; Burning (with lit matches, cigarettes, or heated, sharp objects like knives); Carving words or symbols on the skin; Self-hitting, punching, or head banging; Piercing the skin with sharp objects; and Inserting objects under the skin.

            Warning Signs of Self-Harm - Knowing and being able to recognize the warning signs of self-harm will help you provide immediate support. Warning signs include: Scars, often in patterns; Fresh cuts, scratches, bruises, bite marks, or other wounds; Excessive rubbing of an area to create a burn; Keeping sharp objects on hand; Wearing long sleeves or long pants, even in hot weather; and Frequent reports of accidental injury.

            What to Do If You Suspect a Friend or Loved One Is Self-Harming - If you're worried a friend or loved one might be self-harming, ask him/her how he/she is doing and be prepared to listen to the answer, even if it makes you uncomfortable. Here are some ways to help: Your child. Consult your pediatrician or other health care provider who can provide an initial evaluation or a referral to a mental health professional; Pre-teen or teenage friend. Suggest that your friend talks to parents, a teacher, a school counselor, or another trusted adult; and An Adult. Gently express your concern and encourage the person to seek mental health treatment.

            For more information and resources about self-harm, visit https://www.pennfoundation.org/march-is-self-harm-awareness-month/.